Multi-Stage Protocols

Unspent Transaction Outputs (UTXOs) are known for their scalability and reduced error rates. However, Ethereum's account model provides the advantages of persistent storage and a shared global context. Multi-Stage Contracts utilize a technique involving transaction trees to mimic persistent storage in UTXO-based systems. This is achieved by interlinking multiple UTXOs, each containing snippets of code, to create an extensive multi-stage protocol. This approach introduces on-chain computations and enables the execution of parallel actions within smart contracts.

This method offers a functionality akin to Ethereum's accounts but without the associated overhead.

For additional insights, refer to the Multi-Stage Contracts in the UTXO Model (Paper) and (Video Presentation).

Examples

The concept is illustrated through various examples, including contracts for A Rock Paper Scissors game with provable fairness, Reversible Address with anti-theft features, and A comprehensive ICO.

Tutorials & Guides

Explore the following resources for a deeper understanding of Multi-Stage Protocols:

• Ensuring Secure User Entry and Bootstrap Funneling in Multi-Stage Protocols
• Workflow for Multi-Stage Protocol Development: Off-Chain and On-Chain

(Note: The third link is a duplicate and has been omitted to improve the page's clarity and usefulness.)